Contraception - Barrier contraception
Barrier methods of contraception include diaphragms, condoms and cervical caps. They work by preventing sperm from reaching an egg by creating a physical barrier between the two.
The condom is the only contraception that offers protection against infections.
Order free condoms from NHS WalesExternal condoms (male condoms)
An external condom fits over an erect penis and is made of very thin latex (rubber). For those with a latex allergy, polyurethane (plastic) or polyisoprene is available. You can order free condoms from NHS Wales.
For details on the All Wales C-Card Scheme, visit the C-Card Wales website.
Visit NHS 111 Wales for further information on male condoms.
Internal condoms (female condoms)
An internal condom is made of polyurethane (soft plastic) or nitrile polymer (synthetic rubber). It’s put in the vagina and loosely lines it.
Visit NHS 111 Wales for further information on female condoms.
Diaphragms & cervical caps
They fit inside your vagina and cover your cervix (entrance to the uterus – womb). Diaphragms and caps come in different shapes and sizes.
Vaginal diaphragms are circular domes made of silicone with a flexible rim.
Cervical caps are smaller and are made of silicone.
To be effective, diaphragms and caps should be used with a spermicide. Spermicide is a substance that kills sperm. It’s available in different forms, such as cream or gel.
Visit NHS 111 Wales for further information on diaphragms and cervical caps.
Page last reviewed: 18th June 2025