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About CARIS - Patterns of anomalies

How CARIS Uses Data

CARIS (Congenital Anomaly Register and Information Service) plays a vital role in collating and analysing data on congenital anomalies. Here’s how this data is used:

Classification of Anomalies

CARIS organizes congenital anomalies by the primary affected body system, and these classifications are included in annual statistics reports.

Insights into Risk Factors

CARIS data also sheds light on existing or potential risk factors for congenital anomalies, which can be categorized as follows:

  • Pre-existing parental factors, including maternal age, maternal medical conditions, socio economic status and genetic factors.
  • Exposures to the foetus during pregnancy, including lifestyle factors, drug exposures, infection and environmental exposures

Key Statistics

Full prevalence rates can be found in our Annual Report, however generally amongst cases reported to CARIS:

  • Approximately 60% of cases have a single anomaly
  • Approximately 11.6% of cases have a chromosomal anomaly

Patterns of Anomalies

Congenital anomalies may present as a single issue or as a complex pattern involving multiple body systems. By analysing these patterns alongside a solid understanding of embryology, researchers can sometimes identify possible causes.

Survival Outcomes

Survival outcome vary with the pattern of congenital anomalies. As expected survival rates are highest for babies with single anomalies. As the number and complexity of anomalies increases, survival reduces. Poorer survival is associated with increased rates of natural losses and with termination of pregnancy following antenatal detection of anomalies.

These data supports research into the causes of anomalies, guiding preventative measures and early interventions. Additionally, data informs health policies, resource allocation, and clinical practices, ultimately improving the quality of care for affected individuals and families. The insights gained from registry data are crucial for driving epidemiological studies and fostering global collaborations aimed at reducing the burden of congenital anomalies.

Page last reviewed: 16th April 2026